What is an Intraspinal Tumor?

An intraspinal tumor is a growth that develops inside either the spine or the spinal canal. It could be in a part of the bone, the vertebral column, the spinal cord, or the nerves.

There are benign ones, which are noncancerous, and malignant ones, which are cancerous. They compress the spinal cord and nerves, producing discomfort, pain, or other health problems.

Early diagnosis and treatment will help prevent complications and improve the outcome. One should not hesitate to consult a doctor in case of any symptoms.

Symptoms of Intraspinal Tumors

Symptoms vary based on the location and size of an intraspinal tumor. Symptoms of an intraspinal tumor can include one or more of the following:

• Back Pain: Persistent back or neck pain may worsen with night.
• Numbness or Tingling: Numbness, tingling, or weakness of the arms or legs.
• Difficulty Walking: The patient has difficulty walking, problems with coordination, and balance.
• Loss of Sensation: Reduced feeling in certain parts of the body.
• Bladder or Bowel Problems Difficulty with the control of urination or bowel movements.
• Muscle Weakness: Muscle weakness that can impact mobility.

Causes of Intraspinal Tumors

While the exact cause may not be known, some of the possible causes of intraspinal tumours include:

• Genetic Mutations: Changes in DNA can cause abnormal cell growth.
• Genetic Disorders: Certain congenital syndromes, like neurofibromatosis, tend to increase one’s risk of developing spinal tumors.
• Metastasis: The cancer that originates from other parts of the body, such as the lungs or breasts, can metastasize to the spine.

Treatment of Intraspinal Tumors

Treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall health.

• Surgery: This is usually the first choice, especially in the case of accessible tumors.
• Radiation Therapy: This is a treatment that uses high-energy rays to shrink or destroy tumors.
• Chemotherapy: Medications that kill the cancerous cells or stop their growth.
• Medications: Steroids may be prescribed to reduce swelling and alleviate symptoms.
• Physical Therapy: This helps in improving mobility and strength after treatment.

Dr. Naresh Kumar Damesha
Consulting Neurosurgeon